PATRON – IN – CHIEF
Mr. Hassan Muhammad Khan
Chancellor Riphah International University
Islamabad
PATRON
Prof. Dr. Anis Ahmed
Vice Chancellor Riphah International University
Islamabad
CHIEF EDITOR
Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Prof. Dr. Azhar Rashid HI (M)
MBBS, Diploma Surgery, FCPS (Surgery)
OJT (Cardiac Surgery), MSc (Defense & Strategic Studies), CHPE
Dean Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences
Principal Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
MANAGING EDITOR
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Nadim Akbar Khan
MBBS, MCPS, FCPS, MCPS-HPE
Professor (Chemical Pathology)
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
EDITORS
Prof. Ulfat Bashir
BDS, MHPE, MCPS, FCPS (Orthodontics)
Professor Orthodontics
Principal, Islamic International Dental College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Brig. (Retd.) Prof. Dr. Maqsood ul Hassan
MBBS, MCPS (Community Medicine), M.Sc (Medical Administration)
Professor Community Medicine
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. M. Ayaz Bhatti
MBBS, MSC (Public Health), MHPE
HOD Community Medicine
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Dr. Saadia Sultana
MBBS, MCPS, FCPS, MCPS-HPE
Professor Gynecology/ Obstetrics
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Prof. Dr. Raheela Yasmeen
BDS, DHPE, MHPE
Professor, Associate Director (RARE)
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Dr. Shazia Qayyum
MBBS, M. Phil
Associate Professor (Chemical Pathology)
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
ASSISTANT EDITOR
Dr. Fakhra Noureen
MBBS, M. Phil (Chemical Pathology)
Lecturer Pathology
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
NATIONAL EDITORS
Brig (Retd.) Prof. M. Salim (Rawalpindi)
MBBS, MCPS, DA (London)
FFARCSI (Dublin), FRCA (England)
Diploma in Acupuncture (China), FCPS, PhD (Colombo)
Maj Gen. (Retd.) Prof. Suhaib Ahmed
MBBS, FCPS, Ph.D.
Professor of Hematology
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Tariq Saeed Mufti (Peshawar)
MBBS, FRCS, FCPS, MHP
Professor, HOD Surgery
Rehman Medical Institute and College
Peshawar
Prof. Muhammad Umar-SI (Rawalpindi)
MBBS, MCPS, FCPS, FACG, FRCP (Lon), FRCP
Professor of Medicine
Vice Chancellor
Rawalpindi Medical University
Rawalpindi
Dr. Huma Iftikhar Qureshi T.I. (Islamabad)
MBBS, MD (Medicine), FRCP
Executive Director
Pakistan Medical Research Council
Islamabad
Maj Gen. (Retd.) Prof. Abdul Khaliq Naveed (Lahore)
MBBS, M. Phil, FCPS, Ph.D.
Principal, CMH Lahore Medical College
Lahore
INTERNATIONAL EDITORS
Dr. Samina Afzal
Pediatric Oncologist and Hematologist
Al Jalila Children’s Speciality Hospital
Dubai, UAE
Prof. Dr. Nor Hayati Othman
MBBS, M. Path (Mal), MIAC, AMM
Dean Clinical Science Research Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Senior Consultant Pathologist Hospital University Sains
Malaysia
Dr. Adil Irfan Khan
MSc, PhD
Director Point of Care Testing, Temple University Hospital
Director Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Temple University Hospital
Associate Professor, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia
USA
Dr. Samina Nur
MBBS, MD
Pathologist Hawthorne
New York, USA
Dr. Naseem Mahmood
General Pediatrician
Alder Hey Children’s Hospital
Liverpool, United Kingdom
Dr. Tariq Mahmood
General Psychiatrists
The Becklin Centre, St James’s University Hospital
Leeds, United Kingdom
ADVISORY BOARD
Prof. Fareesa Waqar
MBBS, FCPS
Professor, HOD Gynecology/ Obstetrics
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Sohail Iqbal Sheikh
MBBS, MS (Ortho), Dip. In Orthopedics
Professor, HOD Orthopedics
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Muhammad Tahir
MBBS, FCPS
Professor, HOD Pediatrics
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Aneeq Ullah Baig Mirza
MBBS, FCPS
Professor, HOD Ophthalmology
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof Khalid Farooq Danish
MBBS, FCPS, MHPE
Professor, HOD Surgery
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Yawar Hayat Khan
BDS, MSc, MHPE
Professor, HOD Dental Materials
Islamic International Dental College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Aliya Ahmed
BDS, FCPS
Professor of Operative Dentistry
Islamic International Dental College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Prof. Shazia Ali
MBBS, MPhil, PhD
Professor, HOD Physiology
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Brig. (Retd.) Prof. Tariq Butt SI(M)
MBBS, MCPS, M.Phil, FCPS
Professor, HOD Pathology
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Brig (Retd.) Prof. Muhammad Farooq Khattak
MBBS, FCPS, MHPE
Professor, HOD Medicine
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Brig (Retd.) Prof. Sher Muhammad Malik
MBBS, FCPS
Professor, ENT
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
Brig (Retd.) Prof. Shafaq Ahmed
MBBS, FFARCSI
Professor, Anaesthesia
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad
TYPE SETTING
Muhammad Naveed Anjum
MBA (Finance)
Admin Officer (JIIMC)
Islamic International Medical College
Riphah International University
Islamabad